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สร้างเมื่อ : 28 ธ.ค. 2566

แก้ไขล่าสุดเมื่อ : 28 ธ.ค. 2566

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อสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร 5 ประเภทอสังหาริมทรัพย์ ที่ควรรู้ก่อนลงทุน


อสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร อสังหาริมทรัพย์หมายถึงอะไร เป็นคำถามชวนคิดสำหรับคนที่สนใจหรือเกี่ยวข้องกับอสังหาริมทรัพย์ รู้หรือไม่ว่า อสังหาริมทรัพย์คือเรื่องใกล้ตัวมากกว่าที่คุณคิด เพราะแน่นอนทุกคนต้องมีที่อยู่อาศัย ไม่ว่าจะเป็นบ้าน คอนโดมิเนียม ทาวน์เฮ้าส์ หรือ อพาร์ตเมนต์ เรามาทำความรู้จักเกี่ยวรับเรื่องนี้ให้มากขึ้นกันค่ะ

อสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร

อสังหาริมทรัพย์คือ ที่ดิน สิ่งปลูกสร้าง เช่น อาคาร บ้านเรือน สำนักงาน โรงงานอุตสาหกรรม ไม้ยืนต้น รวมถึงสิ่งอื่นใดที่อยู่ติดกับที่ดินซึ่งเคลื่อนที่ไม่ได้ นอกจากนี้ทรัพย์ตามธรรมชาติที่ประกอบเป็นอันเดียวกับดิน เช่น แม่น้ำ บึง แร่ กรวด ทราย ที่อยู่ในอาณาบริเวณที่ดินนั้นก็จัดว่าเป็นอสังหาริมทรัพย์ด้วย

อสังหาริมทรัพย์หมายถึงสิทธิ์ที่เกี่ยวกับกรรมสิทธิ์ในที่ดินด้วย เช่น สิทธิครอบครองที่ดิน และสิทธิในการอยู่อาศัย ก็ถูกจัดเอาไว้ในหมวดหมู่นี้ อสังหาริมทรัพย์หมายถึงอะไร อสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร อาจกล่าวได้แบบง่าย ๆ ว่า อสังหาริมทรัพย์คือ ทรัพย์สินที่ไม่สามารถเคลื่อนย้ายได้ หากเคลื่อนย้ายหรือทำลายได้ก็จะทำได้อย่างยากลำบากนั่นเอง

 

อสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร และแตกต่างจากการลงทุนรูปแบบอื่นๆ อย่างไร

อสังหาริมทรัพย์ คือ ทรัพย์สินที่ไม่สามารถเคลื่อนย้าย หรือพกพาไปไหนมาไหนได้ หรือก็คือ ที่ดิน และสิ่งปลูกสร้างที่ทำการสร้างติดกับที่ดิน เช่น บ้าน อาคารสำนักงาน โรงงานอุตสาหกรรม โรงแรม หอพัก และคอนโดมิเนียม เป็นต้น ดังนั้น ก่อนการลงทุนอสังหาริมทรัพย์นักลงทุนจึงควรทำความเข้าใจถึงลักษณะเด่นของอสังหาริมทรัพย์ที่แตกต่างจากการลงทุนในรูปแบบอื่นอยู่หลายประการ ดังนี้

  • มูลค่าของอสังหาริมทรัพย์ขึ้นอยู่กับปัจจัยภายนอก กล่าวคือราคาของอสังหาริมทรัพย์จะขึ้นอยู่กับทำเลที่ตั้ง สภาพแวดล้อม และสภาวะเศรษฐกิจในขณะนั้นมากกว่าตัวทรัพย์สินเอง ถ้าหากเศรษฐกิจตกต่ำราคาอสังหาริมทรัพย์ก็จะลดลงตามไปด้วย

  • ใช้ระยะเวลานานในการเปลี่ยนแปลงเป็นเงินสด อสังหาริมทรัพย์เป็นสินทรัพย์ที่มีมูลค่าสูง ดังนั้น การเปลี่ยนแปลงเป็นเงินสดจึงจำเป็นต้องใช้ระยะเวลานาน และมีความเสี่ยงมากกว่า แต่สามารถลดความเสี่ยงได้โดยการปล่อยให้เช่า หรือทำธุรกิจส่วนตัวบนที่ดินนั้น เพื่อสร้างกระแสเงินสด

  • อสังหาริมทรัพย์มักจะราคาสูงขึ้นในระยะยาว เป็นไปได้ที่ในระยะสั้นราคาของอสังหาฯ อาจมีการปรับตัวลดลงตามสภาวะเศรษฐกิจ แต่ส่วนใหญ่ในระยะยาวนั้นมักจะมีราคาที่สูงขึ้น โดยขึ้นกับทำเลที่ตั้งของที่ดินผืนนั้นด้วย

  • อสังหาริมทรัพย์มีอายุขัยที่ยาวนาน โดยทั่วไปที่ดิน และสิ่งปลูกสร้างจะมีอายุการใช้งานนานถึง 50-100 ปี ดังนั้น ผู้ที่ครอบครองสามารถนำ อสังหาริมทรัพย์นั้นไปใช้ประโยชน์สร้างรายได้ในระยะยาวได้ 

รูปแบบธุรกิจอสังหาริมทรัพย์ที่น่าสนใจ

หลังจากทราบกันไปแล้วว่าอสังหาริมทรัพย์คืออะไร และมีข้อดีในการลงทุนอสังหาริมทรัพย์อย่างไรบ้าง แต่นักลงทุนทราบหรือไม่ว่ารูปแบบของธุรกิจอสังหาริมทรัพย์ยังสามารถแบ่งได้อีกหลายประเภทขึ้นอยู่กับวัตถุประสงค์ในการใช้งาน โดยสามารถจำแนกได้ ดังนี้

  1. อสังหาริมทรัพย์เพื่อการเกษตร เช่น ที่นา ไร่ สวน หรือที่ดินที่จัดให้เป็นพื้นที่สำหรับทำเกษตรกรรมโดยเฉพาะ

  2. อสังหาริมทรัพย์เพื่อการอยู่อาศัย เช่น บ้าน คอนโดมิเนียม ทาวน์เฮ้าส์ แฟลต อพาร์ตเมนต์ เป็นต้น

  3. อสังหาริมทรัพย์เพื่อการพาณิชย์ เช่น อาคารสำนักงาน ห้างสรรพสินค้า โรงแรม ตลาดสด ศูนย์ประชุม อาคารพาณิชย์ เป็นต้น

  4. อสังหาริมทรัพย์เพื่อการอุตสาหกรรม เช่น โรงงาน หรือสิ่งปลูกสร้างอื่น ๆ ที่อยู่ในนิคมอุตสาหกรรม

  5. อสังหาริมทรัพย์เพื่อการพักผ่อน เช่น รีสอร์ต โรงแรมตากอากาศ เป็นต้น

วันนี้ทางเพจของเราได้มานำเสนอข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับอสังหาริมทรัพย์หวังว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์ต่อทุกท่านที่เข้ามาอ่านนะคะและทางเพจ The Property Center ยังมีบทความดีๆอีกมากมายสามารถเข้ามาอ่านกันได้ ทั้งนี้ลูกเพจท่านใดต้องการให้ทางต้องการหาบ้านหรืออสังหาริมทรัพย์อื่นๆ สามารถนำทรัพย์ของท่านมาฝากเราขายได้ เรามีลูกค้าที่ติดต่อเรามาทุกวันปล่อยให้มืออาชีพทำงานแทนคุณแล้วคุณรอรับยอดขายอย่างเดียว The Property Center ยินดีต้อนรับท่านเจ้าของบ้านทุกท่านค่ะ เรามีทีมงานโพสต์ตามสื่อออนไลน์ต่าง ๆ จัดทำโฆษณาลงโซเชี่ยวและมาร์เก็ตเพลสต่างๆ แทนท่าน บริการเหล่านี้ฟรี เพียงแต่เราคิดค่านายหน้า 3-5% เท่านั้น ติดต่อเราด่วนค่ะ

ขอขอบคุณข้อมูลจาก

https://www.ddproperty.com/

 

https://www.kasikornbank.com/th/propertyforsale/article/pages/how-to-invest-in-real-estate.aspx

บทความที่เกี่ยวข้อง (3)
23
MAY
Land Titles
Title deed, chanote, nor sor sam gor, nor sor sam, land ownership There are a number of different land classifications in Thailand pertaining to titles of land. The most common denominations are: “Chanote” or “Nor Sor See” = Freehold Title Deed
23
MAY
House Construction Laws In Thailand
House Construction Laws In Thailand Construction in Thailand is mainly regulated by the Building Control Act and the Town and City Planning Act. The Building Control Act provides for governmental control of virtually all types of construction by means of various applications and punishment in case of violation, the Town and City Planning Act deals with the permissible uses of land in different zones. In addition there are under both Acts Ministerial Regulations specifying regulations and zone restrictions. Building and construction can also be restricted by environmental and other laws (Nature Reserve Act, Forest Act, etc.) or if the land is burdened with a right of servitude. The relation between a customer/ employer and a builder in Thailand is primarily governed by a construction contract and the Civil and Commercial Code (specifically the chapter ‘hire of work’).   In addition to the zone regulations (12) for Samui specifying the type of use to which land/ property may be put in specific areas issued under the City Planning Act there are general building zone regulations (4) issued under the Building Control Act, giving standard building requirements and restrictions depending on its distance from the beach. These restrictions relate to the maximum size, distance to the land border, design and the height of the building (sample). Similar building regulations exist in Phuket, Pattaya, Koh Phangan, Hua Hin, etc..   Building or buying a home in Thailand Foreign land ownership restrictions in Thailand relates to land only, not to the building on the land or condominium registered under the Condominium Act. The land and any structure on the land can be owned independently by different persons. Foreigners buying a home in Thailand can lease land (and optional obtain a right of superficies) and own the house as a personal property. In any land leasehold structure it is recommended to obtain ownership over the house, but ownership over the land remains the higher absolute right and the right to own the house on the land is relative to the right to use the land. The right to own the house on another man’s land always follows the term of the land lease or superficies agreement and cannot exceed a term of 30 years after which the lease and/or superficies must be renewed. How to own a house distinct from the land it is on Buildings (apart from condo apartments) do not have a separate ownership title deed document. The procedure to obtain ownership of a structure separate from the land is as follows: If buying from a developer (depending on the sale and tax structure and liabilities the developer chooses) the sale of a house separate from the land lease is either by: a building sale and purchase agreement (see procedure under 3), or a building construction contract with a building permit in the foreign purchaser’s name. In case an individual person is developing a plot of (leased) land the building permit should be issued, or during the construction changed by the Or Bor Tor, in the name of the person that leases the land. Sale of a completed or existing building separate from the land requires the current owner and purchaser of the house to: sign a standard land office Thai script sale of a structure document (signed at the land office in front of the competent land official) followed by a 30 day public announcement/ posting of the house sale at specific locations after the announcement period the parties return to the land office to complete the transfer. Sale of completed existing house The sale of an existing house separate from the land (land lease combined with house sale/ ownership) must be registered with the local land office (the Samui, Phuket, Hua-Hin, Bangkok or any other local Land Department’s branch office) to be complete and property ownership transfer fees and taxes must be paid. Local property developers (in Samui) tend to offer a sale and purchase agreement for the house but skip the official transfer procedure (ownership has not transferred), or lease land and house (not recommended). The transfer of ownership of a building will take at least 30 days from the first visit to the land office to the issuance of the sale of a structure document (sample right or view sale document with short translation). The official land office sale document, stamped and signed by the local land office, is the document that proofs the purchaser’s rights to the house and completes the transfer. Required documents: ID-card, passport (seller/ buyer) House registration book (Tabien Baan) Land title document House building permit Property transfer fees Building permit Thai construction workers on building site under palm trees The seller of a house must have a building permit (sample top right) issued by the local Or Bor Tor. The building permit is the evidence that shows he owns the building and obtained approval to build the house. The building permit must be submitted to the Land Registry for the transfer of the house. It should be checked if the house is actually built according to the building permit. If the seller can’t show a building permit the house could be illegally built or may not be built according to local building regulations. The building Control Act imposes heavy fines and even imprisonment on violators. If any violation is found the authority has the power to issue a stop-work order and demand rectification of the building or an incorrect part within a reasonable time. If the building or an incorrect part cannot be rectified, the authority has the power to order a demolition thereof. When a land leaseholder hires a builder the building permit could be issued in the builder’s name or land owner’s name. In this case the name on the building permit should be changed by the local Or Bor Tor to the lessee’s name at any time during the construction, but prior to the issuance of the house registration book (tabien baan). The building permit is proof that you own the building and the building does not belong to the land owner but to the land leaseholder. Separate ownership of the house increases the lessee’s right and also lowers property tax liabilities (housing and land tax). Research by the Agency for Real Estate Affairs indicates the new city plan for Koh Samui will mandate that property projects cannot be constructed higher than 150 meters above sea level read more…. Similar to Phuket where the Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment issued a notification to protect the environment in Phuket prohibiting any building and renovation in the area 80 meters and more above the average sea level. Construction is not allowed even though the land could have a full land title deed. General considerations when planning to build or buy a house in Thailand (also for leasehold land for foreigners) what is the land title (this should at least be a Nor.Sor.3.Gor/ Khor or better a Chanote land title deed); is the land tile deed correctly issued and the title cannot be revoked on the grounds of any illegal issuance process (read warning under ‘articles news’); is there a solid legal structure for a long term interest in the land (proper land lease and/or superficies registered with the Land Department); what are the zoning and building regulations and restrictions for the specific area (what use and construction is allowed in the area); is there a private servitude, public or municipality road connecting the land with the public road; are there any mortgages, encumbrances, claims or security of any kind registered against the land title deed; are there any conditions in the previous sale or gift (right of redemption); the land is not subject to any promise or agreement, court order or other judgment or decree; the land owner is not involved in any action brought before court or bankruptcy/ insolvency proceedings; the land is not encroached nor is there encroachment on the land; the land is not subject to any land expropriation plan by the government; the land is not located in a land reform zone according to the laws on land reformation for agricultural purposes; the land is not located in a forest or nature reserve zone, or other area reserved for the public; the seller has not (implicitly or explicitly) declared the intention or done any act to give the land whether in whole or in part to the public; the seller does not hold the land as an agent on behalf of any third party, nor is there any third party having priority right to the land. Information above on behlf of samuiforsale  
23
MAY
Buying Property In Thailand
  There are several distinct purchasing options open to foreigners interested in how to buy a property in Thailand. Under Thai law, foreigners are unable to own land however foreigners are able to own structures, properties or apartments built on a piece of land in their own name. Foreigners are effectively able to own and control the land upon which their property sits through a Thai limited company or via a lease. Both leaseholds and Thai limited companies have been a viable and highly successful vehicle for foreigners buying property in Thailand for many years. A third option is to buy a condominium unit as foreigners are able to own condominiums freehold under Thai law.   BUYING PROPERTY WITH A THAI LIMITED COMPANY A foreigner can set up a Thai limited company with the articles of association within the company protecting the foreigner 100% thus giving the foreign managing director complete control of the company. The foreigner can then use this company to buy property in Thailand with complete control whether it be a house, apartment, villa or plot of land. Some property owners sell their land or villa along with a Thai company simply by transferring the name of the foreign company director or if that is not the case, a Thai or international lawyer can easily set up a new company to buy the property through.   BUYING PROPERTY LEASEHOLD Foreigners buying property in Thailand also have the option of controlling the land upon which a villa, house and apartment sits with a 30 year lease (the maximum leasehold term under Thai law). This lease can be re-newed for an additional 30 years plus additional 30 years, giving a total of a 90 year lease.   BUYING A CONDOMINIUM FREEHOLD There is one freehold option for Foreigners wanting to buy property in Thailand with the Thai condominium act allowing foreigners to buy freehold. One important fact is that the condominium developer must ensure that only 49% of the total area of the development is sold to owners freehold. The other 51% of space in the development is available for foreigners to buy, but the only options would be to own the with a Thai limited company or leasehold as described above. No-matter what purchasing method is used the property will be officially registered at the local land office. The foreigner will also hold a property registration document sometimes referred to as the blue book.
23
MAY
Land Titles
Title deed, chanote, nor sor sam gor, nor sor sam, land ownership There are a number of different land classifications in Thailand pertaining to titles of land. The most common denominations are: “Chanote” or “Nor Sor See” = Freehold Title Deed
23
MAY
House Construction Laws In Thailand
House Construction Laws In Thailand Construction in Thailand is mainly regulated by the Building Control Act and the Town and City Planning Act. The Building Control Act provides for governmental control of virtually all types of construction by means of various applications and punishment in case of violation, the Town and City Planning Act deals with the permissible uses of land in different zones. In addition there are under both Acts Ministerial Regulations specifying regulations and zone restrictions. Building and construction can also be restricted by environmental and other laws (Nature Reserve Act, Forest Act, etc.) or if the land is burdened with a right of servitude. The relation between a customer/ employer and a builder in Thailand is primarily governed by a construction contract and the Civil and Commercial Code (specifically the chapter ‘hire of work’).   In addition to the zone regulations (12) for Samui specifying the type of use to which land/ property may be put in specific areas issued under the City Planning Act there are general building zone regulations (4) issued under the Building Control Act, giving standard building requirements and restrictions depending on its distance from the beach. These restrictions relate to the maximum size, distance to the land border, design and the height of the building (sample). Similar building regulations exist in Phuket, Pattaya, Koh Phangan, Hua Hin, etc..   Building or buying a home in Thailand Foreign land ownership restrictions in Thailand relates to land only, not to the building on the land or condominium registered under the Condominium Act. The land and any structure on the land can be owned independently by different persons. Foreigners buying a home in Thailand can lease land (and optional obtain a right of superficies) and own the house as a personal property. In any land leasehold structure it is recommended to obtain ownership over the house, but ownership over the land remains the higher absolute right and the right to own the house on the land is relative to the right to use the land. The right to own the house on another man’s land always follows the term of the land lease or superficies agreement and cannot exceed a term of 30 years after which the lease and/or superficies must be renewed. How to own a house distinct from the land it is on Buildings (apart from condo apartments) do not have a separate ownership title deed document. The procedure to obtain ownership of a structure separate from the land is as follows: If buying from a developer (depending on the sale and tax structure and liabilities the developer chooses) the sale of a house separate from the land lease is either by: a building sale and purchase agreement (see procedure under 3), or a building construction contract with a building permit in the foreign purchaser’s name. In case an individual person is developing a plot of (leased) land the building permit should be issued, or during the construction changed by the Or Bor Tor, in the name of the person that leases the land. Sale of a completed or existing building separate from the land requires the current owner and purchaser of the house to: sign a standard land office Thai script sale of a structure document (signed at the land office in front of the competent land official) followed by a 30 day public announcement/ posting of the house sale at specific locations after the announcement period the parties return to the land office to complete the transfer. Sale of completed existing house The sale of an existing house separate from the land (land lease combined with house sale/ ownership) must be registered with the local land office (the Samui, Phuket, Hua-Hin, Bangkok or any other local Land Department’s branch office) to be complete and property ownership transfer fees and taxes must be paid. Local property developers (in Samui) tend to offer a sale and purchase agreement for the house but skip the official transfer procedure (ownership has not transferred), or lease land and house (not recommended). The transfer of ownership of a building will take at least 30 days from the first visit to the land office to the issuance of the sale of a structure document (sample right or view sale document with short translation). The official land office sale document, stamped and signed by the local land office, is the document that proofs the purchaser’s rights to the house and completes the transfer. Required documents: ID-card, passport (seller/ buyer) House registration book (Tabien Baan) Land title document House building permit Property transfer fees Building permit Thai construction workers on building site under palm trees The seller of a house must have a building permit (sample top right) issued by the local Or Bor Tor. The building permit is the evidence that shows he owns the building and obtained approval to build the house. The building permit must be submitted to the Land Registry for the transfer of the house. It should be checked if the house is actually built according to the building permit. If the seller can’t show a building permit the house could be illegally built or may not be built according to local building regulations. The building Control Act imposes heavy fines and even imprisonment on violators. If any violation is found the authority has the power to issue a stop-work order and demand rectification of the building or an incorrect part within a reasonable time. If the building or an incorrect part cannot be rectified, the authority has the power to order a demolition thereof. When a land leaseholder hires a builder the building permit could be issued in the builder’s name or land owner’s name. In this case the name on the building permit should be changed by the local Or Bor Tor to the lessee’s name at any time during the construction, but prior to the issuance of the house registration book (tabien baan). The building permit is proof that you own the building and the building does not belong to the land owner but to the land leaseholder. Separate ownership of the house increases the lessee’s right and also lowers property tax liabilities (housing and land tax). Research by the Agency for Real Estate Affairs indicates the new city plan for Koh Samui will mandate that property projects cannot be constructed higher than 150 meters above sea level read more…. Similar to Phuket where the Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment issued a notification to protect the environment in Phuket prohibiting any building and renovation in the area 80 meters and more above the average sea level. Construction is not allowed even though the land could have a full land title deed. General considerations when planning to build or buy a house in Thailand (also for leasehold land for foreigners) what is the land title (this should at least be a Nor.Sor.3.Gor/ Khor or better a Chanote land title deed); is the land tile deed correctly issued and the title cannot be revoked on the grounds of any illegal issuance process (read warning under ‘articles news’); is there a solid legal structure for a long term interest in the land (proper land lease and/or superficies registered with the Land Department); what are the zoning and building regulations and restrictions for the specific area (what use and construction is allowed in the area); is there a private servitude, public or municipality road connecting the land with the public road; are there any mortgages, encumbrances, claims or security of any kind registered against the land title deed; are there any conditions in the previous sale or gift (right of redemption); the land is not subject to any promise or agreement, court order or other judgment or decree; the land owner is not involved in any action brought before court or bankruptcy/ insolvency proceedings; the land is not encroached nor is there encroachment on the land; the land is not subject to any land expropriation plan by the government; the land is not located in a land reform zone according to the laws on land reformation for agricultural purposes; the land is not located in a forest or nature reserve zone, or other area reserved for the public; the seller has not (implicitly or explicitly) declared the intention or done any act to give the land whether in whole or in part to the public; the seller does not hold the land as an agent on behalf of any third party, nor is there any third party having priority right to the land. Information above on behlf of samuiforsale  
23
MAY
Buying Property In Thailand
  There are several distinct purchasing options open to foreigners interested in how to buy a property in Thailand. Under Thai law, foreigners are unable to own land however foreigners are able to own structures, properties or apartments built on a piece of land in their own name. Foreigners are effectively able to own and control the land upon which their property sits through a Thai limited company or via a lease. Both leaseholds and Thai limited companies have been a viable and highly successful vehicle for foreigners buying property in Thailand for many years. A third option is to buy a condominium unit as foreigners are able to own condominiums freehold under Thai law.   BUYING PROPERTY WITH A THAI LIMITED COMPANY A foreigner can set up a Thai limited company with the articles of association within the company protecting the foreigner 100% thus giving the foreign managing director complete control of the company. The foreigner can then use this company to buy property in Thailand with complete control whether it be a house, apartment, villa or plot of land. Some property owners sell their land or villa along with a Thai company simply by transferring the name of the foreign company director or if that is not the case, a Thai or international lawyer can easily set up a new company to buy the property through.   BUYING PROPERTY LEASEHOLD Foreigners buying property in Thailand also have the option of controlling the land upon which a villa, house and apartment sits with a 30 year lease (the maximum leasehold term under Thai law). This lease can be re-newed for an additional 30 years plus additional 30 years, giving a total of a 90 year lease.   BUYING A CONDOMINIUM FREEHOLD There is one freehold option for Foreigners wanting to buy property in Thailand with the Thai condominium act allowing foreigners to buy freehold. One important fact is that the condominium developer must ensure that only 49% of the total area of the development is sold to owners freehold. The other 51% of space in the development is available for foreigners to buy, but the only options would be to own the with a Thai limited company or leasehold as described above. No-matter what purchasing method is used the property will be officially registered at the local land office. The foreigner will also hold a property registration document sometimes referred to as the blue book.
23
MAY
Land Titles
Title deed, chanote, nor sor sam gor, nor sor sam, land ownership There are a number of different land classifications in Thailand pertaining to titles of land. The most common denominations are: “Chanote” or “Nor Sor See” = Freehold Title Deed
23
MAY
House Construction Laws In Thailand
House Construction Laws In Thailand Construction in Thailand is mainly regulated by the Building Control Act and the Town and City Planning Act. The Building Control Act provides for governmental control of virtually all types of construction by means of various applications and punishment in case of violation, the Town and City Planning Act deals with the permissible uses of land in different zones. In addition there are under both Acts Ministerial Regulations specifying regulations and zone restrictions. Building and construction can also be restricted by environmental and other laws (Nature Reserve Act, Forest Act, etc.) or if the land is burdened with a right of servitude. The relation between a customer/ employer and a builder in Thailand is primarily governed by a construction contract and the Civil and Commercial Code (specifically the chapter ‘hire of work’).   In addition to the zone regulations (12) for Samui specifying the type of use to which land/ property may be put in specific areas issued under the City Planning Act there are general building zone regulations (4) issued under the Building Control Act, giving standard building requirements and restrictions depending on its distance from the beach. These restrictions relate to the maximum size, distance to the land border, design and the height of the building (sample). Similar building regulations exist in Phuket, Pattaya, Koh Phangan, Hua Hin, etc..   Building or buying a home in Thailand Foreign land ownership restrictions in Thailand relates to land only, not to the building on the land or condominium registered under the Condominium Act. The land and any structure on the land can be owned independently by different persons. Foreigners buying a home in Thailand can lease land (and optional obtain a right of superficies) and own the house as a personal property. In any land leasehold structure it is recommended to obtain ownership over the house, but ownership over the land remains the higher absolute right and the right to own the house on the land is relative to the right to use the land. The right to own the house on another man’s land always follows the term of the land lease or superficies agreement and cannot exceed a term of 30 years after which the lease and/or superficies must be renewed. How to own a house distinct from the land it is on Buildings (apart from condo apartments) do not have a separate ownership title deed document. The procedure to obtain ownership of a structure separate from the land is as follows: If buying from a developer (depending on the sale and tax structure and liabilities the developer chooses) the sale of a house separate from the land lease is either by: a building sale and purchase agreement (see procedure under 3), or a building construction contract with a building permit in the foreign purchaser’s name. In case an individual person is developing a plot of (leased) land the building permit should be issued, or during the construction changed by the Or Bor Tor, in the name of the person that leases the land. Sale of a completed or existing building separate from the land requires the current owner and purchaser of the house to: sign a standard land office Thai script sale of a structure document (signed at the land office in front of the competent land official) followed by a 30 day public announcement/ posting of the house sale at specific locations after the announcement period the parties return to the land office to complete the transfer. Sale of completed existing house The sale of an existing house separate from the land (land lease combined with house sale/ ownership) must be registered with the local land office (the Samui, Phuket, Hua-Hin, Bangkok or any other local Land Department’s branch office) to be complete and property ownership transfer fees and taxes must be paid. Local property developers (in Samui) tend to offer a sale and purchase agreement for the house but skip the official transfer procedure (ownership has not transferred), or lease land and house (not recommended). The transfer of ownership of a building will take at least 30 days from the first visit to the land office to the issuance of the sale of a structure document (sample right or view sale document with short translation). The official land office sale document, stamped and signed by the local land office, is the document that proofs the purchaser’s rights to the house and completes the transfer. Required documents: ID-card, passport (seller/ buyer) House registration book (Tabien Baan) Land title document House building permit Property transfer fees Building permit Thai construction workers on building site under palm trees The seller of a house must have a building permit (sample top right) issued by the local Or Bor Tor. The building permit is the evidence that shows he owns the building and obtained approval to build the house. The building permit must be submitted to the Land Registry for the transfer of the house. It should be checked if the house is actually built according to the building permit. If the seller can’t show a building permit the house could be illegally built or may not be built according to local building regulations. The building Control Act imposes heavy fines and even imprisonment on violators. If any violation is found the authority has the power to issue a stop-work order and demand rectification of the building or an incorrect part within a reasonable time. If the building or an incorrect part cannot be rectified, the authority has the power to order a demolition thereof. When a land leaseholder hires a builder the building permit could be issued in the builder’s name or land owner’s name. In this case the name on the building permit should be changed by the local Or Bor Tor to the lessee’s name at any time during the construction, but prior to the issuance of the house registration book (tabien baan). The building permit is proof that you own the building and the building does not belong to the land owner but to the land leaseholder. Separate ownership of the house increases the lessee’s right and also lowers property tax liabilities (housing and land tax). Research by the Agency for Real Estate Affairs indicates the new city plan for Koh Samui will mandate that property projects cannot be constructed higher than 150 meters above sea level read more…. Similar to Phuket where the Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment issued a notification to protect the environment in Phuket prohibiting any building and renovation in the area 80 meters and more above the average sea level. Construction is not allowed even though the land could have a full land title deed. General considerations when planning to build or buy a house in Thailand (also for leasehold land for foreigners) what is the land title (this should at least be a Nor.Sor.3.Gor/ Khor or better a Chanote land title deed); is the land tile deed correctly issued and the title cannot be revoked on the grounds of any illegal issuance process (read warning under ‘articles news’); is there a solid legal structure for a long term interest in the land (proper land lease and/or superficies registered with the Land Department); what are the zoning and building regulations and restrictions for the specific area (what use and construction is allowed in the area); is there a private servitude, public or municipality road connecting the land with the public road; are there any mortgages, encumbrances, claims or security of any kind registered against the land title deed; are there any conditions in the previous sale or gift (right of redemption); the land is not subject to any promise or agreement, court order or other judgment or decree; the land owner is not involved in any action brought before court or bankruptcy/ insolvency proceedings; the land is not encroached nor is there encroachment on the land; the land is not subject to any land expropriation plan by the government; the land is not located in a land reform zone according to the laws on land reformation for agricultural purposes; the land is not located in a forest or nature reserve zone, or other area reserved for the public; the seller has not (implicitly or explicitly) declared the intention or done any act to give the land whether in whole or in part to the public; the seller does not hold the land as an agent on behalf of any third party, nor is there any third party having priority right to the land. Information above on behlf of samuiforsale  
23
MAY
Buying Property In Thailand
  There are several distinct purchasing options open to foreigners interested in how to buy a property in Thailand. Under Thai law, foreigners are unable to own land however foreigners are able to own structures, properties or apartments built on a piece of land in their own name. Foreigners are effectively able to own and control the land upon which their property sits through a Thai limited company or via a lease. Both leaseholds and Thai limited companies have been a viable and highly successful vehicle for foreigners buying property in Thailand for many years. A third option is to buy a condominium unit as foreigners are able to own condominiums freehold under Thai law.   BUYING PROPERTY WITH A THAI LIMITED COMPANY A foreigner can set up a Thai limited company with the articles of association within the company protecting the foreigner 100% thus giving the foreign managing director complete control of the company. The foreigner can then use this company to buy property in Thailand with complete control whether it be a house, apartment, villa or plot of land. Some property owners sell their land or villa along with a Thai company simply by transferring the name of the foreign company director or if that is not the case, a Thai or international lawyer can easily set up a new company to buy the property through.   BUYING PROPERTY LEASEHOLD Foreigners buying property in Thailand also have the option of controlling the land upon which a villa, house and apartment sits with a 30 year lease (the maximum leasehold term under Thai law). This lease can be re-newed for an additional 30 years plus additional 30 years, giving a total of a 90 year lease.   BUYING A CONDOMINIUM FREEHOLD There is one freehold option for Foreigners wanting to buy property in Thailand with the Thai condominium act allowing foreigners to buy freehold. One important fact is that the condominium developer must ensure that only 49% of the total area of the development is sold to owners freehold. The other 51% of space in the development is available for foreigners to buy, but the only options would be to own the with a Thai limited company or leasehold as described above. No-matter what purchasing method is used the property will be officially registered at the local land office. The foreigner will also hold a property registration document sometimes referred to as the blue book.